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Cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics
On-demand self-service:
A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, automatically as needed without requiring human interaction with each service provider.
Broad network access:
Capabilities are available over the network and accessed via standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations).
Resource pooling:
The provider’s computing
resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model,
with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and
reassigned according to consumer demand. There’s a sense of so-called location
independence, in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over
the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify
location at a higher level of abstraction (by country, state, or data center,
for example). Examples of resources are storage, processing, memory, and
network bandwidth.
Rapid elasticity:
Capabilities can be
elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale
rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, the
capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be
appropriated in any quantity at any time.
Measured service:
Cloud systems
automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering
capability at a level of abstraction that’s appropriate to the type of service
(storage, processing, bandwidth, or active user accounts, for example).
Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing
transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service.
Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas):
Offers users the basic building blocks of computing:
processing, network connectivity, and storage. (Of course, you also need other
capabilities in order to fully support IaaS functionality such as user
accounts, usage tracking, and security.) You would use an IaaS cloud provider
if you want to build an application from scratch and need access to fairly
low-level functionality within the operating system.
Platform as a Service (PaaS):
Instead of offering low-level functions within
the operating system, offers higher-level programming frameworks that a
developer interacts with to obtain computing services. For example, rather than
open a file and write a collection of bits to it, in a PaaS environment the
developer simply calls a function and then provides the function with the
collection of bits. The PaaS framework then handles the grunt work, such as
opening a file, writing the bits to it, and ensuring that the bits have been
successfully received by the file system. The PaaS framework provider takes
care of backing up the data and managing the collection of backups, for
example, thus relieving the user of having to complete further burdensome
administrative tasks.
Software as a Service (SaaS):
Has clambered to an even higher rung on the
evolutionary ladder than PaaS. With SaaS, all application functionality is
delivered over a network in a pretty package. The user need do nothing more
than use the application; the SaaS provider deals with the hassle associated
with creating and operating the application, segregating user data, providing
security for each user as well as the overall SaaS environment, and handling a
myriad of other details.